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Must-Visit Cities in Azerbaijan

Last updated on January 2025

Must-Visit Cities in Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan, situated in the Caucasus region, boasts a rich history that spans millennia. Its ancient cities reflect the region’s cultural, economic, and political significance, from vibrant Silk Road trading hubs to fortified citadels.

In this exploration, we will uncover the captivating narratives of Azerbaijan's ancient cities, tracing their origins and the rise and fall of empires while appreciating their architectural marvels. Join us on this journey through time to discover the profound history and enduring legacy of Azerbaijan’s ancient cities. Explore the best of Azerbaijan, from the bustling capital Baku to the charming city of Sheki. Each city offers unique experiences and cultural treasures. Don’t forget, you’ll need an Azerbaijan eVisa for your trip—read this blog for all the details!

Baku as the city of winds

Baku as the city of winds

Baku, the capital city, is a vibrant metropolis where modern skyscrapers sit alongside historical landmarks. The Inner City, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a medieval walled area that features the impressive Palace of the Shirvanshahs and the iconic Maiden Tower. These remarkable structures provide a fascinating glimpse into Baku's past as a bustling trading hub and a centre of Islamic culture.

Top Things to Do in Baku

Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, is a captivating city where ancient history meets modern architecture. Here are some must-see attractions to explore:

Historical Gems

  • Maiden Tower: This iconic 12th-century tower offers stunning panoramic views of the city and is a symbol of Baku.
  • Old City: Meander through the narrow, winding streets of the walled Old City, taking in the traditional architecture and historic buildings.
  • Palace of the Shirvanshahs: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, this palace highlights the rich history of the Shirvanshah dynasty.

Cultural Experiences

  • Azerbaijan Carpet Museum: Delve into the intricate art of Azerbaijani carpet weaving as you explore a vast collection of historical carpets.
  • Flame Towers: These futuristic skyscrapers are illuminated by LED screens that depict flickering flames, symbolising Azerbaijan's oil heritage.

Leisure and Entertainment

  • Fountain Square: Experience vibrant dining, shopping, and people-watching in this lively public square.
  • Milli Park Promenade: Enjoy a leisurely stroll along the Caspian Sea while taking in the beautiful seaside views.

Sheki: The Silk Road City

Sheki: The Silk Road City

Sheki, situated in northwestern Azerbaijan, was once a significant stop along the Silk Road. The city’s historical centre features the Sheki Khan's Palace, a stunning example of Azerbaijani architecture. With its intricate carvings, colourful frescoes, and beautiful gardens, the palace highlights the exceptional craftsmanship of local artisans.

In addition to its architectural wonders, Sheki is renowned for its traditional crafts, including silk weaving and woodcarving. Visitors can wander through the city’s workshops and markets to find unique souvenirs that reflect the rich cultural heritage of the region.

Naftalan: Azerbaijan's Unique Oil Resort

Naftalan is a charming city located in the foothills of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, celebrated for its therapeutic oil springs. This unique destination combines natural beauty with healing properties, making it a sought-after spot for wellness seekers.

Top Things to Do in Naftalan

  • Experience Naftalan Oil Therapy

 Discover the healing benefits of Naftalan’s “magic oil,” which is believed to treat various conditions, including arthritis, skin diseases, and over 70 other ailments.

  • Indulge in Balneo Treatments

Enjoy therapeutic baths, known as balneo treatments, at the city’s extensive 1000-bed Therapeutic Centers.

  • Explore the History of Naftalan Oil

Learn about the rich history of the oil springs, which dates back to the time of Marco Polo and the Germans.

  • Enjoy a Unique Oil Spa Experience

Naftalan is the only place in the world where spa treatments use oil instead of water, offering a truly one-of-a-kind experience.

Best Time to Visit

The ideal time to visit Naftalan is from late April to early June or mid-September to early November. During these periods, you can enjoy pleasant weather and fewer crowds.

Gobustan National Park: A Solo Traveler's Paradise

Gobustan National Park

Gobustan National Park is a stunning natural treasure, famous for its ancient petroglyphs and unique mud volcanoes. For solo travellers, it offers a peaceful and awe-inspiring escape.

Gobustan National Park

Top Things to Do in Gobustan National Park

  • Discover Ancient Rock Art: Explore over 6,000 petroglyphs that depict animals, boats, ritual dances, and battle scenes, offering insight into prehistoric life.
  • Witness Mud Volcanoes: Marvel at more than 300 mud volcanoes, part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for their fascinating formations and therapeutic qualities.
  • Explore Gaval Dash: Check out the mysterious Gaval Dash, a stone with unique acoustics that has captivated visitors for centuries.
  • Observe Wildlife: Spot wildlife like deer, goats, bulls, and horses as you wander through the park's natural beauty.
  • Learn the Park's History: Visit the Gobustan National Park Museum to uncover the historical and cultural significance of the area.

Best Time to Visit

March, April, and October are the ideal months to visit, offering pleasant weather perfect for exploring Gobustan’s rich landscape.

Ganja: A City with a Rich History

Ganja: A City with a Rich History

Ganja, Azerbaijan's second-largest city, boasts a history that dates back to the 8th century. Its Old Town is home to the Imamzadeh Mausoleum, a stunning Islamic shrine known for its intricate carvings. Another cultural landmark is the Ganja State Drama Theater, established in 1920, which showcases the city’s rich artistic heritage.

Additionally, Ganja is a hub for producing Azeri tea, a beloved beverage in Azerbaijan. Visitors can explore local tea plantations and discover the fascinating tea-making process.

Nakhchivan: A Land of Ancient Civilizations

Nakhchivan: A Land of Ancient Civilizations

Nakhchivan, an autonomous republic within Azerbaijan, is steeped in rich history. The city features the Nakhchivan Fortress, a mediaeval citadel that provides stunning panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. Within the fortress lies the Juma Mosque, one of the oldest mosques in the region.

Nakhchivan is also renowned for its ancient rock carvings, which depict scenes of daily life, religious ceremonies, and mythological stories. These carvings offer fascinating insights into the lives of the area's ancient inhabitants.

Lankaran: A Coastal Gem

Lankaran: A Coastal Gem

Lankaran, located along the Caspian Sea, is celebrated for its lush tea plantations and stunning natural beauty. Visitors can explore the Lankaran Fortress, a historical landmark that overlooks the city, and wander through the scenic Khan's House. Enjoy fresh seafood, unwind on the sandy beaches, and soak in the tranquillity of this charming coastal town.

Quba: A Land of Apple Orchards

Quba, in northeastern Azerbaijan, is famous for its picturesque apple orchards and stunning natural scenery. Wander through the charming Quba Old Town, with its traditional wooden houses and cobblestone streets that give it a timeless feel. Don’t miss the chance to visit the beautiful Sakina-Khanum Mosque and the historic Qadim Mosque. It’s the perfect place to enjoy fresh air and take in the peaceful, scenic atmosphere of the region.

Tips for Exploring Azerbaijan's Ancient Cities

Exploring Azerbaijan's ancient cities offers a rich blend of history, culture, and breathtaking architecture. To make the most of your experience, here are a few tips to help you navigate these historic sites and fully appreciate their significance.

  • Plan Your Trip: Research the cities you want to visit and plan your itinerary accordingly.
  • Book Accommodation: Consider staying in historical hotels or guesthouses for a more immersive experience.
  • Hire a Guide: A local guide can provide valuable insights into the history and culture of the cities you visit.
  • Learn Basic Azerbaijani Phrases: Knowing a few basic phrases can enhance your interactions with locals.
  • Respect Local Customs: Dress modestly and be mindful of local customs and traditions.
  • Try Local Cuisine: Azerbaijan boasts a delicious cuisine that features fresh ingredients and flavorful spices. Don't miss the opportunity to sample local dishes like kebabs, dolma, and baklava.

Shusha: The Cultural Capital

Shusha: The Cultural Capital

Old brick wall and fortress in Shusha city

Shusha, located in the Nagorno-Karabakh region, is a cultural hub of Azerbaijani music and heritage. Visitors can explore Jidir Duzu, a hillside park offering breathtaking panoramic views, and visit the historic Yukhari Govhar Agha Mosque. Shusha is also known for its traditional mugham music, a distinctive Azerbaijani art form that enriches the city’s cultural landscape.

Guba: A Gateway to the Mountains

Guba, a city nestled in the Caucasus Mountains, is known for its stunning landscapes and outdoor adventures. Visitors can hike to Khinalig, an ancient village and one of the highest inhabited settlements in the Caucasus, or explore the Guba Genocide Memorial Complex. Breathe in the fresh mountain air, savour local produce, and experience the warm hospitality of the region.

Shamakhi

Shamakhi

Shamakhi, a historic city in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, is renowned for its ancient architecture and natural beauty. Visit the Juma Mosque, one of Azerbaijan’s oldest, and explore the Diri Baba and Yeddi Gumbez mausoleums. Take in the stunning views along the Shamakhi-Gabala road and savour the region’s local wines for a truly memorable experience.

Nabran: Azerbaijan's Summer Haven

Nabran: Azerbaijan's Summer Haven

Nabran, a scenic resort town along the Caspian Sea coast, is often called the "summer capital" of Azerbaijan. Known for its vibrant atmosphere, it's the perfect getaway for relaxation and fun-filled activities.

Top Things to Do in Nabran

  • Experience Nightlife: Dance the night away at lively clubs, complete with DJ music and refreshing drinks.
  • Witness Stunning Sunrises: Catch breathtaking sunrises over the Caspian Sea, a magical experience to start your day.
  • Relax on Pristine Beaches: Enjoy long, sandy beaches with some of Azerbaijan’s clearest waters.
  • Indulge in Comfortable Accommodations: Choose from luxurious hotels, private cottages, or cozy boarding houses to suit your style and budget.
  • Family-Friendly Entertainment: Keep kids entertained at entertainment centres offering fun activities for all ages.
  • Get Active: Stay active with options at the Aqua Park and Sports Complex, from swimming to sports.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Nabran is during the summer months, from May to July, when the weather is warm and ideal for beach activities and outdoor adventures.


Disclaimer: The information provided on exploring Azerbaijan’s ancient cities was last updated in September 2024. As conditions, accessibility, and preservation efforts may change, it is recommended to verify the latest details with local tourism offices, official websites, or travel agencies. Always check for updated guidelines and site availability before planning your visit.

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